CURRICULUM of Biochemistry department

 

 

                                      

    السنة الاولى / الكيمياء الطبية

 

Inorganic and analytical Chemistry       ( 15 hours)

 

1. Radioactivity and medical uses of radioactive isotopes

2. Acids, bases and salt of medical interests

3. The International system of units (S I U)

4. The pH concept, acid-base balance

5. Solutions and methods of expressing concentrations

6. Buffers and buffer systems of physiological importance

7. Colloidal Chemistry and biological systems, Dialysis and living systems.

8. Chelation and possible applications in medicine

9. Ions in living system and: their importance

10. Pollution

1. Air pollution

2. Aerosoles

3. Smoke

4. Prevention and cure of air pollution.

 

Organic Chemistry          (15 hours)

1.  Isomerism, stereoisomerisum chirality (optical isomerism and geometrical isomerism). A relationship to medical activity of organic compounds and living system.

2.  Stereochemistry at cyclic systems (steroids)

3.  Alcohols (Oxidation and toxicity to (human)

4.  The chemistry of carbonyl compounds (aldelydes &  ketones)

5.  Carboxylic acids and some of their derivatives (urea, amides, esters ….. etc)

6.  Alkaloids and heterocylic compounds

7.  The chemistry of antibiotics (effect of functional group on medical activity).

8.  Sulphur compounds (sulpha drugs)

9.  Pollution.

Includes:

·  Gases used in chemical warfare.

·  Pollution due to hospitals and industrial wastes.

·  Physiological effects of chemical materials on living system.

·  Hydrocarbons pollution.

 

Biochemistry (30 hours)

1. Carbohydrates (6 hours)   

     Classification

     The three dimensional structures of monosaccharidas.

     The cyclic structures of monosaccharides.

     Disaccharides ,  polysaccharides

     Mucopolysaccharides and connective tissues.

     Bacterial cell walls.

     Biological importance of carbohydrates

 

 2. Lipids (6 hours)

       Classification

       Biological roles of lipids

       Fatty acids, classification and reactions

       Prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes

       Phospholipids, Steroids

 3. Proteins and amino acids (6 hours)

       Classificatio   

       Titration curves of amino acids

       Reactions of amino acids

       Biological activity of peptides

       Determination of amino acids sequences of polypeptides

       Structural levels of proteins

       Globular and fibrous proteins

4. Nucleic Acids (4 hours)

      Classification

      Role of nucleic acids in protein synthesis, Nucleic acids and viruses

5. Enzymes (8 hours)

      Definition and Classification

      Enzymes specificity

      Enzymes kinetics and mechanism of action

      Regulation of metabolic pathways

      Enzymes inhibition

      Enzymes in clinical diagnosis

      Enzymes and genetic diseases

 

 

السنة الثانية/الكيمياء الحياتية

1. Vitamins and Coenzymes (8 hours)

    The fat soluble vitamins

      Vitamin A and the visual cycle

      Vitamin D metabolism and biochemical function

      Vitamin E-the antioxidant theory

      Vitamin K-mechanism of action in coagulation

      The water soluble vitamins (Vitamin C arid Coenzymes)

      Ascorbic acid-biochemical functions

      Thiamin and enzymatic reactions

      Riboflavin biochemical function

      Niacin, function and importance

      Pyridoxine, importance of transamination

      Pantothenic acid and coenzyme A

      Biotin and its role

      Folic acid, function, metabolism and antagonism

      Vitamin B12, mechanism of action arid anemia

      Disturbances in vitamin metabolism

2. Metabolism of carbohydrates (20 hours)

     Glycolysis and gluconeogensis

     Glycogen metabolism (Glycogenolysis &       glycogenesis Biological  oxidation, citric acid cycle

      Oxidative phosphorylation, Respiratory chain

      Hexose monophosphate shunt

       Role of hexose monophosphate shunt in metabolism of RBC    and in glucose-6-phosphotase deficiency (favism).

      Factors which maintain blood glucose level constant

      Metabolism in starvation and diabetes

      Metabolism of fructose, galactose and diasasscharides, their     disorders

     Disorders of glucose and glycogen metabolism

 3. Metabolism of minerals and trace elements ( 6 hours)

     Ca, Fe Cu, Zn, Se, Mn, Mo, Cr, Na,K

     Disturbances in minerals metabolism

4 Biochemistry of hormones (8 hours)

    Catecholamine

    Thyroid hormones

    Hypothalamic and posterior pituitary Hormones

    Anterior pituitary Hormones

    PTH  Calacitonin, insulin glucagon

    Steroid hormones

    Disorders of hormones metabolism

 5. lipid metabolism ( 10 hours)

      Classification of lipids

      Digestion and absorption of lipids

      Fatty acid metabolism, B-oxidation and fatty acid           biosynthesis

      Phospholipids metabolism

      Cholesterol metabolism

      Lipoprotein metabolism

      Disorders of lipid metabolism

6. Metabolism of amino acids and proteins and their disorders    (10hours)

    Common amino acids classification and general properties of    proteins .

   Catabolism of amino acids, Detoxification of ammonia, urea cycle  Break down of phenylalanine and tyrosine into acetoacetyl CoA,    lnborn errors of amino acid metabolism.

   Conversion of amino acids into specialized products, formation of chemical neurotransmitters, creatine synthesis and its conversion into creatinine.

7. Nucleic acid metabolism and cancer biochemistry (14 hours)

     Constitution and general properties of nucleic acids

     Metabolism of purine and pyramiding, nucleotide inside  human  body purine and pyrimidine nucleotides.

     Hyperuicamia and gout disease.

        Protein systhesis and genetic code, antibiotics as inhibitors of    bacterial protein synthesis, biochemical mutations.

     The biochemistry of cancer cells.

     Tumor makers

8. Obesity and human nutrition  (6 hours)

     Hemoglobin and & porphyrin (4hours)

     Metabolism and disorders.

9. Special topics (25 hours)

   1. Cell membrane

   2. Liver and kidney function test

   3. Cancer and diet

   4. Clinical enzymology

   5. Free radicals and antioxidants

   6. Xenobiotic  and mechanism of detoxification

   7. Immunochemistry

   8  Acid- base and buffer

   9  integration and interrelation of metabolism